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优秀毕业论文设计5万吨乙二醇生产工艺初步设计.docx 优秀毕业论文设计5万吨乙二醇生产工艺初步设计 优秀毕业论文(设计)5万吨乙二醇生产工艺初步设计 石河子大学毕业设计 题目: 5万吨/年乙二醇 生产工艺初步设计 1 5万吨/年乙二醇生产工艺初步设计 摘要 乙二醇是一种重要的石油化工基本有机原料,主要用于生产聚酯纤维、不饱和聚酯树脂、防冻 剂等。 目前.国内乙二醇的工业生产方法是环氧乙烷直接水合法。 我国目前拥有大小不等的环氧乙烷/乙二醇(EO/EG)装置11套,但是相比于国外的同类装置, 这些装置的工艺落后,能耗和水耗都较高,因此研究EO/EG工艺优化以降低生产成本,具有非常现 实的意义。 本设计主要是针对乙二醇工艺的缺点,采用比较新的反应精馏工艺,利用化工模拟软件ASPEN PLUS对过程进行模拟优化,最后得到即可达到产品标准又可满足设计任务的结果。 同时还对主要 设备进行了选型,绘制了PID工艺流程图。 关键词: 环氧乙烷;乙二醇;反应精馏;ASPENPLUS;EO/EG 2 50000tons/yearglycolproductionprocess preliminarydesign Abstract Theglycolisanimportantbasicorganicrawmaterialsofpetrochemical,mainlyfortheproductionof polyesterfiber,unsaturatedpolyesterresins,antifreeze,etc..Thepresent.Themethodsofindustrial productionofthedomesticethyleneglycolisethyleneoxidelegitimatedirectwater. ChinacurrentlyhasasizerangingfromEO/EGset11sets,butcomparedtosimilardevicesinthe foreignandbackwardtechnologyofthesedevices,energyandwaterconsumptionarehigher,sothe researchersEO/EGprocessoptimizationtoreduceproductioncosts.averyrealsense. Thisdesignisfortheshortcomingsoftheethyleneglycolprocess,usingthenewreactivedistillation process,theuseofchemicalprocesssimulationsoftwareASPENPLUSprocesssimulationand optimization,andfinallygettomeetproductstandardsandtomeetthedesigntaskresults.Ofmajor equipmentselection,drawthediagramofthePIDprocess. Keywords: ethyleneoxide;glycol;reactivedistillation;ASPENPLUS;EO/EG 3 第一章文献综述...................................................................................................................................5 1.1简介..............................................................................................................................................5 1.1.1乙二醇物理性质...................................................................................................................5 1.1.2乙二醇的用途.......................................................................................................................5 1.2国内乙二醇生产现状..................................................................................................................6 1.3乙二醇生产技术现状及进展......................................................................................................8 1.3.1乙烯直接水合法...................................................................................................................9 1.3.2甲醛合成法............................................................................................................................9 1.3.3环氧乙烷水合法.................................................................................................................10 1.3.4碳酸乙烯酯法.....................................................................................................................11 1.3.5合成气法..............................................................................................................................12 1.3.6氧化偶联法.........................................................................................................................12 1.3.7多元醇加氢裂解法.............................................................................................................13 1.3.8反应精馏技术......................................................................................................................13 1.4反应精馏技术简介....................................................................................................................13 1.4.1反应精馏技术的应用..........................................................................................................14 1.4.2反应精馏的主要优点..........................................................................................................14 1.4.3乙二醇反应精馏工艺流程.................................................................................................15 1.5设计内容与目标.........................................................................................................................16 第二章工艺流程模拟.........................................................................................................................17 2.1设计任务书.................................................................................................................................17 2.2物性方法的选择........................................................................................................................18 2.3反应精馏塔的模拟优化.............................................................................................................18 2.3.1反应精馏涉及反应..............................................................................................................18 2.3.2反应精馏塔建模与参数设置..............................................................................................19 2.3.3反应精馏塔各项参数优化..................................................................................................22 2.3脱水塔的模拟优化.....................................................................................................................29 2.3.1脱水塔简捷计算..................................................................................................................29 2.3.2脱水塔严格计算.................................................................................................................30 4 2.3乙二醇精制塔模拟优化............................................................................................................41 2.3.1乙二醇精制塔简捷计算......................................................................................................41 2.3.2乙二醇精制塔严格计算......................................................................................................42 第三章全流程模拟及生产任务校核.................................................................................................52 3.1全流程模拟及结果....................................................................................................................52 3.2生产任务校核.............................................................................................................................54 第四章设备计算及选型.....................................................................................................................55 4.1反应精馏塔设备计算.................................................................................................................55 4.1.1反应段操作条件及物性参数..............................................................................................55 4.1.2反应段尺寸计算..................................................................................................................56 4.1.3精馏段操作条件及物性参数..............................................................................................57 4.1.4精馏段尺寸计算..................................................................................................................58 4.2塔体尺寸计算............................................................................................................................67 4.2.1塔高的计算..........................................................................................................................67 4.2.2塔体和封头选材..................................................................................................................68 4.2.3塔体壁厚计算......................................................................................................................68 4.2.4塔设备质量载荷计算..........................................................................................................70 4.2.5基础环设计..........................................................................................................................72 4.3设备机械性能校核.....................................................................................................................73 4.3.1上封头校核..........................................................................................................................73 4.7.2下封头校核..........................................................................................................................73 4.7.3塔体强度计算汇总表..........................................................................................................73 第五章三废处理.................................................................................................................................74 设计总结...............................................................................................................................................75 参考文献...............................................................................................................................................76 致谢.......................................................................................................................................................78 附录.......................................................................................................................................................79 5 第一章文献综述 1.1简介 1.1.1乙二醇物理性质 乙二醇(EthyleneGlycol,简称EG)又名“甘醇”、“1,2-亚乙基二醇”, 化学式为(HOCH2)₂,是最简单和最重要的脂肪族二元醇,同时也是一种重 要的有机化工原料。 乙二醇在常温下是无色透明粘稠状液体,稍有甜味, 有一定毒性。 吸湿性超过甘油(丙三醇),微溶于乙醚,它能以任意比例与 水相混溶,能大大降低水的冰点。 乙二醇物性数据表见表1-1: 表1-1乙二醇物性数据表 /25oC,100kPa 密度1.1132熔点-12.9oC 沸点197.3oC闪点111oC(闭口杯) 摩尔质量62.0g/mol自燃温度410oC 溶解度与水任意比例混溶冰点-13.9oC 蒸汽压0.06mmHg粘度25.66mmPa(16oC) 表面张力46mN/m(20oC)稳定性稳定 1.1.2乙二醇的用途 乙二醇作为大宗有机化工产品,广泛用于生产聚酯纤维、薄膜、容器 瓶类等聚酯系列产品和汽车防冻剂,还可用作除冰剂、表面涂料、表面活 性剂、增塑剂、不饱和聚酯树脂以及合成乙二醇醚、乙二醛、乙二酸等化 工产品的原料。 乙二醇与对苯二甲酸反应(TPA法)或和对苯二甲酸二甲 酯反应(DMT法),来制造聚酯纤维是世界范围内乙二醇最重要的市场, 占乙二醇总消费量的50%左右。 6 自从1859年法国化学家伍尔兹以乙二醇二乙酸酯与氢氧化钾皂化反应 制得乙二醇以来,国内外已开发了多种可行的生产工艺和制备方法。 如一 次世界大战期间,德国采用二氯乙烷水解法生 |
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